Network

The Xbox contains an Ethernet module and one RJ45 connector. Additionally, separate modem and wireless accessories were considered when developing the console. Eventualy an official wireless adapter was released based of a "D-Link 108AG Gaming Adapter" in the end of 2003.

The Xbox has a TCP/IP protocol stack complete with a DNS PPTP, DHCP clients.

Port 3074 UDP/TCP is reserved for Xbox communications.

Hardware

Integrated in the Nvidia Southbridge MCPX chip which is similar to the nForce chips. The Xbox Linux team used the binary drivers from Nvidia.

Wireless adapter

based on the "D-Link 108AG Gaming Adapter", the Xbox MN-740 Wireless Bridge bundled with a Xbox setup disc (wich would update the dashboard if necessary).

Hardware

• AR5312 CPU (MIPS 4Kc core?^{[citation needed]})
• AR5212 RoC (Radio on Chip)^{[citation needed]} for 2.4 Ghz 802.11b/g^{[citation needed]}.
• KS8721B physical layer transciever
• some Eeprom wich hold the MAC adress (based of FCC pictures and Firmware analysis)^{[citation needed]}
• IC42S16400 8Mb ram
• SST39LF0?0A (1 or 2 Mb) (the FCC picture is unclear on the size part due to writing) ^{[citation needed]}

The onboard 3 leds are: Power, Wireless and Xbox(called Ethernet on the PCB). The board seems to have Jtag and what apears to be Serial testpins exposed.

Firmware

This wireless bridge runs a closed source version of the"ThreadX JADE/Green Hills Version G4.0.4.0" RTOS. The firmware contains a copyright string of: "Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation All Rights Reserved Device is Xbox Compatible"

latest firmware is seperated by a boot and runtime firmware ^{[citation needed]} :

• MN740_01.03.00.0005_BOOT.bin, "Xbox Wireless Adapter (MN-740) boot firmware"
• MN740_01.00.02.0022_RUNTIME.bin, "Xbox Wireless Adapter (MN-740) runtime firmware"

WPA2 support

The shipped firmware does not support WPA or WPA2. A "firmware" hack based on the D-Link firmware adds WPA support, rendering Dashboard support unfunctional and changing settings require connecting to the LAN port using a PC (or webbrowser capable application).

Software (Xbox setup disc)

The setup disc is a CD[1]. It contains an XISO filesystem that contains only a "default.xbe" which contains a dashboard updater.

System Link

Secured traffic

Xbox network traffic is secured through IPSec. The implementation appears to be similar to 3498, Section 2.1 from 2005 which was co-authored by Microsoft.

The protocol uses UDP port 3074 which is also registered with the IANA for use in the Xbox[2]. Each Xbox uses the IP 0.0.0.1, so addressing relies on MAC-addresses^[FIXME].

The specific implementation in the Xbox uses TripleDES (1851) for encryption, and SHA1-96 as HMAC.

Key derivation

The following keys are involved in generating the actual network crypto-keys:

• XboxLANKey (Kernel export)
• Game specific LAN Key (XBE Certificate Header)

The algorithm to generate the final keys, is this:

LAN-Hash_1 = HMAC(XboxLANKey, concatenate(0x00, XBE-LAN-Key))
LAN-Hash_2 = HMAC(XboxLANKey, concatenate(0x01, XBE-LAN-Key))

LAN-Hash = concatenate(LAN-Hash_1, LAN-Hash_2)

LAN-SHA = LAN-Hash_0_to_15
LAN-DES = XcDESKeyParity(LAN-Hash_16_to_39)

XcDESKeyParity is the same as the respective function in the Xbox kernel.

Broadcast messages

Because no security association exists for broadcast messages, these are handled differently. A common use case for broadcast messages is a server announce request / response.

Broadcast messages are send to 255.255.255.255 (MAC-address: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF) using SPI 0xFFFFFFFF and Sequence Number 0xFFFFFFFF. A random IV is chosen, but nothing prevents re-using an IV.

Security association

Most messages require an SA between devices^[FIXME].

XDK API

^[FIXME]

XNet* Functions

function	description
XNetCreateKey(&xnkid, &xnkey)
XNetRegisterKey(&xnkid, &xnkey)	Register the session key
XNetXnAddrToInAddr( pxnaddr, pxnkid, &pseudoIP )	Convert the address to a winsock usable format
XNetUnregisterKey( &xbc.SessionID )
XNetGetTitleXnAddr( &hostAddr )	Gets your XNADDR. Used by syslink, and lots of other people.
XNetGetEthernetLinkStatus()

Heartbeat

   Ethernet II, Src: Microsof_f2:00:00 (00:50:f2:f2:00:00), Dst: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff)
   MS Network Load Balancing
       Signature: Unknown (0x584f4258)
       Version: 1.1
       Unique Host ID: 3118682055
       Cluster IP: 167.102.81.132 (167.102.81.132)
       Host IP: 4.89.169.109 (4.89.169.109)
       Signature Data - Unknown (1481589336)

References and links

• https://xboxlivehacking.blogspot.de/
• https://github.com/grayj/Jedi-Academy/blob/master/codemp/xbox/XBLive.cpp
• http://discerning.com/pdfbox/test/input/authentication.pdf
• Patent: Managing access to content
• Patent: Network architecture for secure communications between two console-based gaming systems
• Patent: Architecture for manufacturing authenticatable gaming systems
• Patent: Discovery and distribution of game session information
• Patent: Security gateway for online console-based gaming
• Patent: Presence and notification system for maintaining and communicating information
• Patent: Multiple user authentication for online console-based gaming
• Xbox Wireless adapter manual
• Flashing the Firmware of an Xbox MN-740 Wireless Adapter to a D-Link 108AG to support WPA Security
• FCC entry of Xbox MN-740 Wireless Adapter (with IC writing intact)