Difference between revisions of "Network"

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(→‎System Link)
(Section moved to Xbox Live article due to significance and for possible growth)
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== Xbox Live ==
 
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Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft. It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_Live Wikipedia]) Xbox Live support for the original Xbox ended in April 15, 2010.
 
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The Xbox Live architecture consists of authentication servers, matchmaking servers, and game servers.
 
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=== Matchmaking servers ===
 
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=== Game servers ===
 
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=== Authentication servers ===
 
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Authentication and access to Xbox Live services is controlled using the Kerberos protocol with a few proprietary customizations for the Xbox.
 
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Kerberos Authentication Server: macs.xboxlive.com
 
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|+Xbox PA-DATA
 
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! description
 
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| Information about Xbox Version, Title, and Title version
 
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=== Xbox Live Functions ===
 
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|+XOnline* Functions
 
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! function
 
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|XOnlineGetUsers(XONLINE_USER* XBLAccountusers, DWORD* numOfXBLiveAccounts)
 
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|The XOnlineGetUsers function will enumerate both the hard disk and any attached memory units looking for user accounts
 
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|XOnlineTaskClose(XONLINETASK_HANDLE logonHandle)
 
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|Called to abort the authentication process.
 
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|XOnlineStartup( XONLINE_STARTUP_PARAMS* )
 
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|XOnlineLogon(XONLINE_USER* XBLLoggedOnUsers, DWORD* XBLservices, DWORD SERVICE_COUNT, NULL, XONLINETASK_HANDLE &logonHandle)
 
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|When a title calls XOnlineLogon to sign in, instead of blocking until the authentication completes, an asynchronous task handle is returned. As part of the authentication process a title must specify which services it will be using (XBLservices, SERVICE_COUNT).
 
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|XOnlineTaskContinue(XONLINETASK_HANDLE logonHandle)
 
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|Called to check the status of XOnlineLogon.
 
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|XOnlineLogonTaskGetResults(XONLINETASK_HANDLE logonHandle)
 
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|XOnlineGetLogonUsers()
 
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|This returns a pointer to an array of XONLINE USER structures. This array is similar the XONLINE USER array we populated and passed into XOnlineLogon, but is updated with error status and permission flags for each user.
 
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|XOnlineSetUserGuestNumber(dwUserFlags , 1)
 
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|XOnlineTitleUpdate(DWORD)
 
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|The XOnlineTitleUpdate function will boot into an updater application, which performs the actual update
 
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|XOnlineGetServiceInfo returns the connection status for a service
 
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|XOnlineNotificationSetState
 
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Revision as of 19:05, 4 October 2018

The Xbox contains an Ethernet module and one RJ45 connector. Additionally, separate modem and wireless accessories were considered when developing the console. Eventualy an official wireless adapter was released based of a "D-Link 108AG Gaming Adapter" in the end of 2003.

The Xbox has a TCP/IP protocol stack complete with a DNS PPTP, DHCP clients.

Port 3074 UDP/TCP is reserved for Xbox communications.

Hardware

Integrated in the Nvidia Southbridge MCPX chip which is similar to the nForce chips. The Xbox Linux team used the binary drivers from Nvidia.

Wireless adapter

based on the "D-Link 108AG Gaming Adapter", the Xbox MN-740 Wireless Bridge bundled with a Xbox setup disc (wich would update the dashboard if necessary).

Hardware

The onboard 3 leds are: Power, Wireless and Xbox(called Ethernet on the PCB). The board seems to have Jtag and what apears to be Serial testpins exposed.

Firmware

This wireless bridge runs a closed source version of the"ThreadX JADE/Green Hills Version G4.0.4.0" RTOS. The firmware contains a copyright string of: "Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation All Rights Reserved Device is Xbox Compatible"

latest firmware is seperated by a boot and runtime firmware [citation needed] :

  • MN740_01.03.00.0005_BOOT.bin, "Xbox Wireless Adapter (MN-740) boot firmware"
  • MN740_01.00.02.0022_RUNTIME.bin, "Xbox Wireless Adapter (MN-740) runtime firmware"
WPA2 support

The shipped firmware does not support WPA or WPA2. A "firmware" hack based on the D-Link firmware adds WPA support, rendering Dashboard support unfunctional and changing settings require connecting to the LAN port using a PC (or webbrowser capable application).

Software (Xbox setup disc)

The setup disc is a CD[1]. It contains an XISO filesystem that contains only a "default.xbe" which contains a dashboard updater.

System Link

Secured traffic

Xbox network traffic is secured through IPSec. The implementation appears to be similar to 3498, Section 2.1 from 2005 which was co-authored by Microsoft.

The protocol uses UDP port 3074 which is also registered with the IANA for use in the Xbox[2]. Each Xbox uses the IP 0.0.0.1, so addressing relies on MAC-addresses[FIXME].

The specific implementation in the Xbox uses TripleDES (1851) for encryption, and SHA1-96 as HMAC.

Key derivation

The following keys are involved in generating the actual network crypto-keys:

  • XboxLANKey (Kernel export)
  • Game specific LAN Key (XBE Certificate Header)

The algorithm to generate the final keys, is this: 

LAN-Hash_1 = HMAC(XboxLANKey, concatenate(0x00, XBE-LAN-Key))
LAN-Hash_2 = HMAC(XboxLANKey, concatenate(0x01, XBE-LAN-Key))

LAN-Hash = concatenate(LAN-Hash_1, LAN-Hash_2)

LAN-SHA = LAN-Hash_0_to_15
LAN-DES = XcDESKeyParity(LAN-Hash_16_to_39)

XcDESKeyParity is the same as the respective function in the Xbox kernel.

Broadcast messages

Because no security association exists for broadcast messages, these are handled differently. A common use case for broadcast messages is a server announce request / response.

Broadcast messages are send to 255.255.255.255 (MAC-address: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF) using SPI 0xFFFFFFFF and Sequence Number 0xFFFFFFFF. A random IV is chosen, but nothing prevents re-using an IV.

Security association

Most messages require an SA between devices[FIXME].

XDK API

[FIXME]

XNet* Functions
function description
XNetCreateKey(&xnkid, &xnkey)
XNetRegisterKey(&xnkid, &xnkey) Register the session key
XNetXnAddrToInAddr( pxnaddr, pxnkid, &pseudoIP ) Convert the address to a winsock usable format
XNetUnregisterKey( &xbc.SessionID )
XNetGetTitleXnAddr( &hostAddr ) Gets your XNADDR. Used by syslink, and lots of other people.
XNetGetEthernetLinkStatus()

Heartbeat

   Ethernet II, Src: Microsof_f2:00:00 (00:50:f2:f2:00:00), Dst: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff)
   MS Network Load Balancing
       Signature: Unknown (0x584f4258)
       Version: 1.1
       Unique Host ID: 3118682055
       Cluster IP: 167.102.81.132 (167.102.81.132)
       Host IP: 4.89.169.109 (4.89.169.109)
       Signature Data - Unknown (1481589336)


References and links

Retrieved from "https://xboxdevwiki.net/index.php?title=Network&oldid=6546"